The majority of birth control options available – pills, implants, injections, rings, patches and IUDs – serve as temporary solutions for contraception, meaning that at any time, women can choose to discontinue use and have a chance of becoming pregnant in the future.
Some women may choose to use temporary birth control methods for the remainder of their fertile years. However, other women, who are certain that they do not wish to have any (or more) children, may consider different options for permanent birth control.
Because permanent birth control procedures are irreversible, it is important that a woman is certain that she does not wish to have any future pregnancies no matter what unexpected life changes could occur in the future. If that decision has been made by a woman and her partner, it is important for her to discuss permanent birth control options with her health care provider.
Also referred to as sterilization, permanent birth control procedures in women close off the fallopian tubes. These procedures ensure that the egg cannot move down the fallopian tubes into the uterus and that sperm cannot reach the egg. Sterilization procedures do not affect a woman’s menstrual cycle or sexual function. In addition, the procedures do not protect women from sexually transmitted diseases. Below are brief descriptions of the permanent birth control options available.
Tubal Ligation: A surgical procedure where the fallopian tubes are closed off by being cut and tied, closed shut with bands or clips, or sealed with an electric current. Tubal ligations can be performed immediately postpartum through a small incision near the belly button. In addition, they can be performed at other times (not coinciding with childbirth) through laparoscopic surgery.
The Essure® Procedure (Hysteroscopic Sterilization): A non-invasive surgical procedure that is typically performed in less than 10 minutes in our offices. During the procedure, soft, flexible inserts are placed into the fallopian tubes so that the tips remain visible. This allows the physician to confirm that the placement is correct. The physician places the inserts through the vagina and cervix and does not use an incision. For three months following the procedure, an additional form of birth control will need to be used while the body works with the inserts to create a natural barrier within the fallopian tubes. At the end of the three months, an Essure® confirmation test will be performed by inserting a dye into the uterus and using x-ray to ensure that the fallopian tubes are fully blocked and the inserts are positioned correctly.
In addition to the two procedures listed above for women, men can undergo a sterilization procedure, known as a vasectomy. A vasectomy is typically performed by a urologist. Cuts are made in the scrotum and the tubes which carry sperm (known as the vas deferens) are cut or burned so that they are blocked.
Just like any surgical procedure, there are risks and benefits with each one listed above. Please consult your health care provider if you are interested in learning more about the option that is best for you.
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