37+ Tundra Animals with Facts & Pictures
Tundra animals are tough creatures that survive in one of Earth’s harshest environments. These animals have special ways to deal with the freezing cold and limited food.
In this article, I’ll show you 37+ animals that call the tundra home, with interesting facts and pictures.
I’ll explain how they these animals stay warm, their origin, behviour and other cool things about their lives.
Whether you are a nature lover or just curious about wildlife, you’ll find something interesting about these tough tundra residents.
Let’s explore the list!
An Interesting List of Tundra Animals to Consider
I’ve put together an amazing collection of animals, starting from fuzzy creatures to feathered friends, you’ll get to know the inhabitants of this cold, treeless landscape.
1. Polar Bear
Polar bears are large, carnivorous mammals known for their thick white fur, which provides excellent insulation in the cold Arctic climate.
These solitary animals are excellent swimmers and can cover long distances in search of food.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 8 to 10 feet (2.4 to 3 meters) when standing |
| Weight | 900 to 1,600 pounds (410 to 720 kg) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic Circle |
| Scientific Name | Ursus maritimus |
| Place of Origin | Arctic Region |
| Feeding Habits | Carnivorous (mainly seals) |
| What Sound They Make | Growls, roars, huffs |
Fun Facts
- Polar bears have black skin underneath their white fur to absorb heat from the sun.
- They can swim for several days at a time to find food.
- A polar bear’s sense of smell is so acute that it can detect seals nearly a mile away.
2. Arctic Fox
Arctic foxes are small, adaptable mammals with thick fur that changes color with the seasons—white in winter to blend with snow and brown in summer to match the tundra landscape.
These foxes are well-adapted to the harsh cold of the Arctic.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 9.8 to 12 inches (25 to 30 cm) at the shoulder |
| Weight | 6.5 to 21 pounds (3 to 9.5 kg) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic regions of North America, Europe, and Asia |
| Scientific Name | Vulpes lagopus |
| Place of Origin | Arctic Regions |
| Feeding Habits | Omnivorous (small mammals, birds, insects) |
| What Sound They Make | Yelps, screams, barks |
Fun Facts
- Arctic foxes have fur on their paw pads to help them walk on snow and ice.
- They can survive in temperatures as low as -58°F (-50°C).
- These foxes store food in their dens to survive when prey is scarce.
3. Caribou (Reindeer)
Caribou, also known as reindeer in Europe, are large herbivorous mammals known for their impressive antlers, which are present in both males and females.
These migratory animals are well-adapted to cold environments and can travel long distances in search of food.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 4 to 5 feet (1.2 to 1.5 meters) at the shoulder |
| Weight | 180 to 700 pounds (82 to 318 kg) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic and Subarctic regions |
| Scientific Name | Rangifer tarandus |
| Place of Origin | Circumpolar regions (Arctic and Subarctic) |
| Feeding Habits | Herbivorous (lichens, grasses, leaves) |
| What Sound They Make | Grunts, clicks, and barks |
Fun Facts
- Caribou are the only deer species in which both males and females grow antlers.
- Their hooves are adapted to various terrains, expanding in summer for soft ground and shrinking in winter for snow and ice.
- They have a specialized nose that warms the cold air before it enters their lungs.
4. Snowy Owl
Snowy owls are large, white birds of prey with striking yellow eyes and thick plumage that keeps them warm in the Arctic tundra.
These powerful hunters are often seen perched on the ground or snowbanks, scanning for prey.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 20 to 28 inches (50 to 71 cm) |
| Weight | 3.5 to 6.6 pounds (1.6 to 3 kg) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic regions of North America and Eurasia |
| Scientific Name | Bubo scandiacus |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Carnivorous (small mammals, birds) |
| What Sound They Make | Hoots, barks, whistles |
Fun Facts
- Snowy owls are one of the few owl species that are diurnal, meaning they are active during the day.
- They have feathers on their feet that act like snowshoes to keep them warm and help them walk on snow.
- These owls can detect prey under thick snow and often pounce through the snow to catch it.
5. Musk Ox
Musk oxen are large, shaggy mammals with long, thick coats that protect them from the freezing Arctic temperatures.
It is known for their distinctive musky odor during the breeding season, these herbivores form tight-knit herds for protection against predators.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 4 to 5 feet (1.2 to 1.5 meters) at the shoulder |
| Weight | 400 to 900 pounds (180 to 410 kg) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic regions of North America and Greenland |
| Scientific Name | Ovibos moschatus |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Herbivorous (grasses, lichens, willows) |
| What Sound They Make | Grunts, roars |
Fun Facts
- Musk oxen have two layers of fur: a thick undercoat for warmth and a long outer coat that sheds water and snow.
- They can form a defensive circle with their horns facing outward to protect their young from predators like wolves.
- Despite their bulky appearance, musk oxen can run at speeds up to 37 mph (60 km/h).
6. Snowshoe Hare
Snowshoe hares are small mammals with large hind feet adapted to walking on snow.
They are known for their seasonal fur color change—from brown in summer to white in winter—to blend in with their surroundings.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 16 to 20 inches (40 to 50 cm) |
| Weight | 2 to 4 pounds (0.9 to 1.8 kg) |
| Region of Habitat | Northern North America |
| Scientific Name | Lepus americanus |
| Place of Origin | North America |
| Feeding Habits | Herbivorous (grasses, twigs, bark) |
| What Sound They Make | Soft thumps, squeals when distressed |
Fun Facts
- Snowshoe hares can leap up to 10 feet (3 meters) in a single bound.
- Their large feet act like snowshoes, distributing their weight to prevent sinking into the snow.
- Snowshoe hares are crepuscular, meaning they are most active during dawn and dusk.
7. Gyrfalcon
Gyrfalcons are large birds of prey with powerful, broad wings.
They are the largest of the falcon species and are known for their speed and agility in hunting other birds in the tundra.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 20 to 25 inches (50 to 64 cm) |
| Weight | 2 to 4.6 pounds (0.9 to 2.1 kg) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic regions of North America, Europe, and Asia |
| Scientific Name | Falco rusticolus |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Carnivorous (primarily birds, small mammals) |
| What Sound They Make | Harsh cackles, chirps |
Fun Facts
- Gyrfalcons can fly at speeds up to 130 mph (209 km/h) when diving for prey.
- They have a diverse color range, from white to dark gray, depending on their region.
- These falcons are highly valued in falconry, especially in the Middle East.
8. Tundra Swan
Tundra swans are large, elegant birds known for their long migrations between Arctic breeding grounds and warmer regions in winter.
They have a distinctive call and are easily recognized by their pure white plumage.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 4 to 4.7 feet (1.2 to 1.4 meters) |
| Weight | 13 to 20 pounds (5.9 to 9 kg) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic regions of North America and Eurasia |
| Scientific Name | Cygnus columbianus |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Herbivorous (aquatic plants, grasses) |
| What Sound They Make | Soft musical calls, honks |
Fun Facts
- Tundra swans can travel up to 4,000 miles (6,400 km) during migration.
- They are monogamous, often forming long-term pair bonds.
- Tundra swans use their long necks to forage for food in shallow water.
9. Beluga Whale
Beluga whales are small, white whales known for their high-pitched vocalizations and expressive faces.
These sociable marine mammals are often found in Arctic and sub-Arctic waters, where they are well adapted to life in cold environments.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 13 to 20 feet (4 to 6 meters) |
| Weight | 2,000 to 3,500 pounds (907 to 1,588 kg) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic and sub-Arctic waters |
| Scientific Name | Delphinapterus leucas |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Carnivorous (fish, crustaceans, worms) |
| What Sound They Make | Whistles, clicks, chirps |
Fun Facts
- Beluga whales are known as the “canaries of the sea” due to their wide range of vocal sounds.
- They have flexible necks, allowing them to turn their heads in all directions.
- Belugas can swim backward, unlike most other whale species.
10. Narwhal
Narwhals are medium-sized whales known for the long, spiral tusk that extends from the upper left jaw of males.
Often called the “unicorns of the sea,” these elusive creatures are found in the icy waters of the Arctic.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 13 to 18 feet (4 to 5.5 meters) |
| Weight | 1,760 to 3,530 pounds (800 to 1,600 kg) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic waters around Greenland, Canada, and Russia |
| Scientific Name | Monodon monoceros |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Carnivorous (fish, squid, shrimp) |
| What Sound They Make | Clicks, whistles, buzzes |
Fun Facts
- The narwhal’s tusk is actually an elongated tooth, which can grow up to 10 feet (3 meters) long.
- Narwhals use echolocation to navigate and hunt in the dark waters of the Arctic.
- They can dive to depths of over 4,900 feet (1,500 meters) in search of food.
11. Walrus
Walruses are large marine mammals known for their long tusks, whiskers, and blubbery bodies.
They are social animals that live in large herds and are commonly found lounging on Arctic ice floes.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 7.5 to 11.5 feet (2.3 to 3.5 meters) |
| Weight | 1,800 to 3,700 pounds (800 to 1,700 kg) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic and sub-Arctic regions |
| Scientific Name | Odobenus rosmarus |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Carnivorous (mollusks, clams, worms) |
| What Sound They Make | Barks, grunts, roars |
Fun Facts
- Walrus tusks can grow up to 3 feet (1 meter) long and are used for defense and breaking through ice.
- They have air sacs in their necks that allow them to float like a buoy.
- A walrus’s skin can be up to 4 inches (10 cm) thick, providing insulation against the cold.
12. Ringed Seal
Ringed seals are small, rotund seals with distinctive ring-shaped patterns on their fur.
These seals are the most common in the Arctic, where they live on ice floes and use their sharp claws to maintain breathing holes in the ice.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 3.6 to 5.2 feet (1.1 to 1.6 meters) |
| Weight | 110 to 150 pounds (50 to 70 kg) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic and sub-Arctic regions |
| Scientific Name | Pusa hispida |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Carnivorous (fish, crustaceans) |
| What Sound They Make | Soft barks, grunts |
Fun Facts
- Ringed seals are the primary prey of polar bears.
- They can dive to depths of 300 feet (91 meters) and remain submerged for up to 45 minutes.
- These seals give birth to their pups in snow dens on top of the sea ice.
13. Harp Seal
Harp seals are medium-sized seals known for the harp-shaped markings on their backs.
These seals are famous for their migratory behavior and their pups, which are born with a soft, white fur coat.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 5 to 6 feet (1.5 to 1.8 meters) |
| Weight | 260 to 300 pounds (120 to 136 kg) |
| Region of Habitat | North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans |
| Scientific Name | Pagophilus groenlandicus |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Carnivorous (fish, crustaceans) |
| What Sound They Make | Growls, clicks, yelps |
Fun Facts
- Harp seals can migrate over 2,500 miles (4,000 km) annually between feeding and breeding grounds.
- The white fur of harp seal pups helps them blend in with the ice, protecting them from predators.
- Harp seals are excellent swimmers, capable of diving to depths of over 1,300 feet (400 meters).
14. Arctic Bumblebee
The Arctic bumblebee is a small, hardy bee species adapted to survive in the cold tundra climate.
They are important pollinators in the Arctic, helping to maintain the ecosystem despite the challenging conditions.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 0.4 to 0.6 inches (1 to 1.5 cm) |
| Weight | 0.2 to 0.3 grams |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic regions of North America, Europe, and Asia |
| Scientific Name | Bombus polaris |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Herbivorous (nectar, pollen) |
| What Sound They Make | Buzzing |
Fun Facts
- Arctic bumblebees can regulate their body temperature, allowing them to fly in cold weather.
- They have a thick, furry coat that insulates them against the cold.
- Unlike many other bee species, Arctic bumblebees can continue to forage during cool, cloudy weather.
15. Tundra Wolf Spider
Tundra wolf spiders are large, ground-dwelling spiders adapted to the cold, harsh environment of the Arctic tundra.
These solitary hunters are known for their speed and agility in capturing prey.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 0.4 to 1.2 inches (1 to 3 cm) |
| Weight | 0.1 to 0.3 grams |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic regions of North America, Europe, and Asia |
| Scientific Name | Pardosa glacialis |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Carnivorous (insects, small invertebrates) |
| What Sound They Make | Silent |
Fun Facts
- Tundra wolf spiders do not build webs but actively hunt their prey.
- They have excellent vision, which helps them detect and ambush prey.
- These spiders can survive the cold by entering a state of dormancy during winter.
16. Snow Flea
Snow fleas are tiny, dark-colored insects that thrive in cold environments, often seen jumping on the surface of snow.
Despite their name, they are not true fleas but rather a type of springtail.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 0.04 to 0.06 inches (1 to 1.5 mm) |
| Weight | 0.01 grams |
| Region of Habitat | Cold regions worldwide |
| Scientific Name | Hypogastrura nivicola |
| Place of Origin | Cold regions worldwide |
| Feeding Habits | Herbivorous (decaying plant matter) |
| What Sound They Make | Silent |
Fun Facts
- Snow fleas can survive sub-zero temperatures due to a natural antifreeze protein in their bodies.
- They are named for their ability to “flee” by jumping long distances relative to their size.
- Snow fleas play an important role in breaking down organic matter in the soil.
17. Arctic Moth
The Arctic moth is a hardy insect species that can survive the extreme cold of the tundra.
These moths have a unique life cycle, with larvae that can remain dormant for extended periods until conditions are favorable.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 0.4 to 0.6 inches (1 to 1.5 cm) |
| Weight | 0.1 to 0.2 grams |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic regions of North America, Europe, and Asia |
| Scientific Name | Gynaephora groenlandica |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Herbivorous (mosses, lichens) |
| What Sound They Make | Silent |
Fun Facts
- Arctic moth larvae can take up to 7 years to develop into adults due to the short growing seasons.
- These moths can survive temperatures as low as -70°F (-57°C).
- The Arctic moth’s life cycle is one of the longest for any insect species.
18. Tundra Beetle
Tundra beetles are small, resilient insects that thrive in the cold, nutrient-poor environments of the tundra.
These beetles play an important role in decomposing organic matter and recycling nutrients.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 0.2 to 0.4 inches (0.5 to 1 cm) |
| Weight | 0.01 to 0.02 grams |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic and sub-Arctic regions |
| Scientific Name | Pterostichus brevicornis |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Omnivorous (decaying plant and animal matter) |
| What Sound They Make | Silent |
Fun Facts
- Tundra beetles have antifreeze proteins in their bodies that prevent them from freezing in cold temperatures.
- They are active throughout the year, even during the harsh Arctic winter.
- Tundra beetles help break down dead organic material, contributing to soil formation.
19. Wood Frog
Wood frogs are small amphibians known for their remarkable ability to survive freezing temperatures.
These frogs can be found in the tundra and other cold regions, where they hibernate during the winter months.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 1.4 to 3.25 inches (3.5 to 8.3 cm) |
| Weight | 0.5 to 0.8 ounces (14 to 22 grams) |
| Region of Habitat | Northern North America |
| Scientific Name | Lithobates sylvaticus |
| Place of Origin | North America |
| Feeding Habits | Carnivorous (insects, small invertebrates) |
| What Sound They Make | Quacking calls |
Fun Facts
- Wood frogs can survive being frozen solid for weeks at a time.
- They are the only frogs found north of the Arctic Circle.
- Wood frogs’ skin contains special proteins that prevent their cells from being damaged by ice crystals.
20. Tundra Adder
The tundra adder is a small, venomous snake adapted to the cold climates of the tundra.
These snakes are well-camouflaged and rely on their quick reflexes to capture prey.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 20 to 28 inches (50 to 71 cm) |
| Weight | 2 to 5 ounces (57 to 142 grams) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic and sub-Arctic regions |
| Scientific Name | Vipera berus |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Carnivorous (small mammals, birds, insects) |
| What Sound They Make | Hissing |
Fun Facts
- Tundra adders can survive in temperatures just above freezing, making them one of the most cold-tolerant snakes.
- They are highly venomous but typically avoid humans and only bite when threatened.
- Tundra adders give birth to live young, which is unusual for reptiles.
21. Arctic Wolf
Arctic wolves are medium-sized canines that live in the cold, barren tundra.
They are known for their thick white fur, which helps them blend in with the snowy environment, and their ability to survive harsh Arctic winters.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 25 to 31 inches (63 to 79 cm) at the shoulder |
| Weight | 70 to 175 pounds (32 to 79 kg) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic regions of North America and Greenland |
| Scientific Name | Canis lupus arctos |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Carnivorous (musk oxen, caribou, hares) |
| What Sound They Make | Howls, growls, barks |
Fun Facts
- Arctic wolves can travel up to 20 miles a day in search of food.
- They have shorter ears and snouts than other wolves to reduce heat loss.
- Arctic wolves often hunt in packs, working together to take down large prey.
22. Lemming
Lemmings are small, burrowing rodents that are a key part of the tundra ecosystem.
These animals are known for their short tails, small ears, and thick fur that helps them stay warm in the cold.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 3 to 6 inches (7.5 to 15 cm) |
| Weight | 1 to 4 ounces (30 to 112 grams) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic and sub-Arctic regions |
| Scientific Name | Lemmus spp. |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Herbivorous (grasses, roots, mosses) |
| What Sound They Make | Squeaks, chirps |
Fun Facts
- Lemmings do not actually commit mass suicide; this is a myth.
- They can reproduce rapidly, with several litters per year.
- Lemmings are a crucial food source for many Arctic predators, including snowy owls and Arctic foxes.
23. Willow Ptarmigan
Willow ptarmigans are ground-dwelling birds known for their seasonal plumage changes.
They have brown feathers in summer and white feathers in winter, providing them with excellent camouflage.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 13 to 17 inches (33 to 43 cm) |
| Weight | 15 to 29 ounces (425 to 825 grams) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic and sub-Arctic regions |
| Scientific Name | Lagopus lagopus |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Herbivorous (buds, twigs, leaves) |
| What Sound They Make | Clucking, croaking |
Fun Facts
- Willow ptarmigans are the official bird of the Canadian territory of Nunavut.
- They have feathered feet to help them walk on snow.
- During courtship, males make a drumming sound by flapping their wings.
24. Arctic Ground Squirrel
Arctic ground squirrels are small rodents that hibernate for up to eight months in the cold tundra.
They have a unique ability to lower their body temperature below freezing during hibernation.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 9 to 11 inches (23 to 28 cm) |
| Weight | 20 to 30 ounces (570 to 850 grams) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic and sub-Arctic regions |
| Scientific Name | Urocitellus parryii |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Omnivorous (seeds, plants, insects) |
| What Sound They Make | Whistles, chirps |
Fun Facts
- Arctic ground squirrels are the only known mammal that can supercool its body during hibernation.
- They dig elaborate burrows to escape predators and the cold.
- These squirrels can be found at elevations up to 4,000 feet (1,200 meters).
25. Lapland Longspur
Lapland longspurs are small migratory birds that breed in the Arctic tundra.
They are known for their striking black, white, and chestnut plumage during the breeding season.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 5.5 to 6.5 inches (14 to 16.5 cm) |
| Weight | 0.6 to 1 ounce (17 to 28 grams) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic and sub-Arctic regions |
| Scientific Name | Calcarius lapponicus |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Omnivorous (seeds, insects) |
| What Sound They Make | Trills, chirps |
Fun Facts
- Lapland longspurs undertake long migrations, traveling as far south as the central United States in winter.
- Males sing complex songs to attract females during the breeding season.
- These birds often form large flocks during migration.
26. Northern Collared Lemming
The Northern collared lemming is a small, nocturnal rodent that lives in the Arctic tundra.
It has a distinctive dark stripe down its back and white fur during the winter.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 4 to 5 inches (10 to 13 cm) |
| Weight | 1.5 to 2.5 ounces (42 to 70 grams) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic regions of North America |
| Scientific Name | Dicrostonyx groenlandicus |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Herbivorous (grasses, mosses, twigs) |
| What Sound They Make | Squeaks, chirps |
Fun Facts
- Northern collared lemmings are the only lemming species that grow white fur in winter.
- They are an important food source for Arctic predators like the Arctic fox and snowy owl.
- These lemmings dig extensive tunnel systems to avoid the cold and predators.
27. Ross’s Gull
Ross’s gull is a small, delicate gull with a pinkish hue to its plumage during the breeding season.
It is one of the rarest gulls and is mainly found in the Arctic tundra.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 11 to 13 inches (28 to 33 cm) |
| Weight | 4.5 to 7 ounces (128 to 198 grams) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic regions of North America and Eurasia |
| Scientific Name | Rhodostethia rosea |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Carnivorous (fish, insects) |
| What Sound They Make | High-pitched calls, soft whistles |
Fun Facts
- Ross’s gulls were first discovered by Arctic explorer James Clark Ross.
- They are known for their graceful, buoyant flight.
- These gulls are highly elusive and are rarely seen outside their breeding grounds.
28. Stoat (Ermine)
The stoat, also known as the ermine, is a small, carnivorous mammal known for its luxurious white winter coat.
It is an agile predator, capable of taking down prey larger than itself.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 7 to 13 inches (18 to 33 cm) |
| Weight | 4.9 to 9.3 ounces (140 to 265 grams) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic and sub-Arctic regions |
| Scientific Name | Mustela erminea |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Carnivorous (small mammals, birds) |
| What Sound They Make | Hisses, squeaks, trills |
Fun Facts
- The stoat’s winter coat is highly prized for its softness and warmth.
- Stoats are known for their “dance of death,” where they mesmerize prey with quick, erratic movements.
- In some cultures, the stoat’s white coat is a symbol of purity.
29. Arctic Shrew
Arctic shrews are small, insectivorous mammals with a distinctive pointed snout.
They are highly active and have a high metabolic rate, requiring them to eat constantly to maintain their energy levels.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 4 to 5.5 inches (10 to 14 cm) |
| Weight | 0.4 to 0.6 ounces (11 to 17 grams) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic and sub-Arctic regions |
| Scientific Name | Sorex arcticus |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Carnivorous (insects, small invertebrates) |
| What Sound They Make | High-pitched squeaks |
Fun Facts
- Arctic shrews can consume up to 90% of their body weight in food each day.
- They have a venomous bite that helps them subdue larger prey.
- Arctic shrews have poor eyesight and rely heavily on their sense of smell to find food.
30. Sanderling
Sanderlings are small, migratory shorebirds known for their energetic foraging behavior along Arctic beaches.
They have a pale, grayish-white plumage that helps them blend in with the sandy shores.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 7 to 8 inches (18 to 20 cm) |
| Weight | 1.4 to 3.5 ounces (40 to 100 grams) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic regions of North America, Europe, and Asia |
| Scientific Name | Calidris alba |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Omnivorous (insects, crustaceans) |
| What Sound They Make | Soft trills, peeps |
Fun Facts
- Sanderlings are known for their “wave-chasing” behavior, running back and forth with the tides in search of food.
- They migrate over 3,000 miles from their Arctic breeding grounds to wintering sites.
- Sanderlings are one of the most widespread shorebirds, found on coastlines all over the world.
31. Rock Ptarmigan
Rock ptarmigans are well-camouflaged birds that blend in with the tundra landscape.
They have seasonal plumage changes, turning white in winter and brown in summer to match their surroundings.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 13 to 16 inches (33 to 41 cm) |
| Weight | 15 to 28 ounces (425 to 800 grams) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic and sub-Arctic regions |
| Scientific Name | Lagopus muta |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Herbivorous (buds, leaves, seeds) |
| What Sound They Make | Clucking, croaking |
Fun Facts
- Rock ptarmigans are the national bird of Iceland.
- Their feathered feet act like snowshoes, helping them walk on snow.
- Males engage in elaborate displays during the breeding season to attract females.
32. Arctic Hare
Arctic hares are large, fast-moving mammals adapted to life in the cold tundra.
They have thick white fur in winter, which helps them blend in with the snow and avoid predators.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 17 to 25 inches (43 to 64 cm) |
| Weight | 6.6 to 15 pounds (3 to 7 kg) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic regions of North America |
| Scientific Name | Lepus arcticus |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Herbivorous (grasses, mosses, lichens) |
| What Sound They Make | Grunts, soft whimpers |
Fun Facts
- Arctic hares can run at speeds of up to 37 mph (60 km/h) to escape predators.
- They have thick fur on their paws, providing insulation and traction on snow.
- Arctic hares often gather in groups for warmth and protection.
33. Tundra Vole
Tundra voles are small, burrowing rodents that live in the tundra and other cold environments.
They are important herbivores in the Arctic ecosystem, feeding on grasses and other vegetation.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 5 to 7 inches (13 to 18 cm) |
| Weight | 0.9 to 1.4 ounces (25 to 40 grams) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic and sub-Arctic regions |
| Scientific Name | Microtus oeconomus |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Herbivorous (grasses, sedges) |
| What Sound They Make | Squeaks, chirps |
Fun Facts
- Tundra voles are active year-round, even in winter when they tunnel through the snow.
- They have a high reproductive rate, with multiple litters per year.
- Tundra voles play a key role in the diet of many Arctic predators, including foxes and birds of prey.
34. Snow Goose
Snow geese are large, migratory birds with striking white plumage and black wingtips.
They breed in the Arctic tundra and migrate south in large flocks during the winter.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 25 to 33 inches (64 to 84 cm) |
| Weight | 4.5 to 7.5 pounds (2 to 3.4 kg) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic regions of North America |
| Scientific Name | Anser caerulescens |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Herbivorous (grasses, sedges, grains) |
| What Sound They Make | Honks, cackles |
Fun Facts
- Snow geese undertake one of the longest migrations of any bird species, traveling over 3,000 miles between their breeding and wintering grounds.
- They are highly social and often form large flocks that can number in the thousands.
- Snow geese can be found in both white and blue color morphs.
35. Arctic Char
Arctic char is a cold-water fish species that thrives in the frigid waters of the Arctic.
They are closely related to both salmon and trout and are known for their beautiful, shimmering scales.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 20 to 28 inches (50 to 71 cm) |
| Weight | 4.4 to 20 pounds (2 to 9 kg) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic and sub-Arctic regions |
| Scientific Name | Salvelinus alpinus |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Carnivorous (small fish, insects, crustaceans) |
| What Sound They Make | Silent |
Fun Facts
- Arctic char can live in both freshwater and saltwater, often migrating between the two.
- They are known for their ability to survive in extremely cold waters, even under ice.
- The coloration of Arctic char can vary greatly depending on the time of year and their habitat.
36. Ruddy Turnstone
Ruddy turnstones are small, stocky shorebirds known for their distinctive foraging behavior.
They use their strong bills to flip over stones, seaweed, and other debris in search of food.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 8 to 10 inches (20 to 25 cm) |
| Weight | 3.5 to 4.9 ounces (100 to 140 grams) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic regions of North America and Eurasia |
| Scientific Name | Arenaria interpres |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Omnivorous (insects, crustaceans, mollusks) |
| What Sound They Make | Sharp “kitit” calls |
Fun Facts:
- Ruddy turnstones have one of the most varied diets of any shorebird, eating everything from insects to berries.
- They are highly migratory, traveling from the Arctic to tropical coastlines during the winter.
- These birds are named for their habit of turning over stones to find food.
37. Eider Duck
Eider ducks are large sea ducks known for their soft, downy feathers, which are highly prized for insulation.
They breed in the Arctic and sub-Arctic regions and are often found in coastal areas.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 20 to 28 inches (50 to 71 cm) |
| Weight | 3 to 7 pounds (1.4 to 3.2 kg) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic and sub-Arctic regions |
| Scientific Name | Somateria mollissima |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Carnivorous (mollusks, crustaceans) |
| What Sound They Make | Soft cooing, quacks |
Fun Facts
- Eider ducks are known for their high-quality down, which is used in luxury bedding.
- They can dive to depths of up to 65 feet (20 meters) in search of food.
- Eiders often form large flocks during the breeding season, with multiple females sharing a single nest.
38. Sabine’s Gull
Sabine’s gull is a small, graceful gull known for its striking black, white, and gray plumage.
It breeds in the high Arctic and is often seen flying over tundra lakes and coastal areas.
| Metric | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Height | 11 to 13 inches (28 to 33 cm) |
| Weight | 4.5 to 7 ounces (128 to 198 grams) |
| Region of Habitat | Arctic regions of North America and Eurasia |
| Scientific Name | Xema sabini |
| Place of Origin | Arctic regions |
| Feeding Habits | Carnivorous (fish, insects) |
| What Sound They Make | High-pitched “ki-ki-ki” calls |
Fun Facts
- Sabine’s gulls have a unique forked tail, which distinguishes them from other gulls.
- They migrate long distances, wintering off the coasts of Africa and South America.
- Sabine’s gulls are known for their buoyant, graceful flight.
Conclusion
Wow! We’ve just taken an awesome exploration through the tundra, meeting some of the toughest creatures on Earth.
I’m always amazed by how these animals cope with the extreme cold and long, dark winters. Their stories make me appreciate the wonders of nature even more.
But here’s the thing – the tundra is changing fast. These animals need our help to survive. Why not pick your favorite tundra animal from our list and learn more about how to protect it?
What tundra animal surprised you the most? Drop a comment below and let me know!
Let’s keep the conversation going about these cool creatures and their icy home.
